Chapter 2.5.9
Module: 2.
Nutritional supplements bioactivity, functional properties and safety: in vitro & in vivo studies
Unit: 2.5.
Animal and cell culture models of skin homeostasis and repair, and cancer
Chapter: 2.5.9.
Conclusions on animal and cell culture models of cancer
In summary, carcinogenicity testing combined with animal models are invaluable in understanding the complexity of cancer and in chemoprevention research. To quote George Box, "All models are wrong, but some are more useful than others" (Box, 1975). Each model has intrinsic advantages and limitations, therefore, a combination of in silico, in vitro as well as in vivo approaches should be utilized to evaluate the bioactivity of nutritional supplements in terms of cancer.