The holistic nature of the LCAs is simultaneously a major advantage and disadvantage of employing this methodology. Some of the main LCA limitations and threats are listed below (Guinée et al. 2002) :

• LCA cannot address localized impacts. This methodology does not provide the framework for a full-fledged local risk assessment study.
• LCA model focuses on the physical characteristics of the industrial activities and some other processes but does not include the secondary effects of technological development.
• LCA regards all processes as linear, both in the economy and in the environment. Moreover, LCA focuses on the environmental aspects of products and does not take into account economic or social effects.
• Many databases are being developed in several countries, and the format for databases is being standardized, however, in practice, data are frequently obsolete, incomparable, or of unknown quality.
• The possibility of using different allocations, system boundaries, or recycling concepts can be reflected in data inconsistencies, as well as a double-counting or impacts omissions.